Abstract The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) arranges phenotypes of mental disorders based on empirical covariation. ranging from narrowly defined symptoms to higher-order spectra of psychopathology. Since the introduction of personality functioning (PF) in DSM-5 and ICD-11. several studies have identified PF as a predictor of transdiagnostic aspects of psychopathology. https://danddcollectiblers.shop/product-category/shower-gel/